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Monoclonal antibody recognizing a human neuroblastoma-associated antigen
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Dallas.
Diagnostic and Clinical Immunology
|January 1, 1987
Summary
A new monoclonal antibody, HSAN 1.2, targets neuroblastoma cells. This antibody shows promise for diagnosing neuroblastoma, detecting metastasis in bone marrow, and aiding in targeted cancer cell removal.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Neuroblastoma is a common pediatric cancer with variable antigen expression.
- Accurate diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease are crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize a novel monoclonal antibody (HSAN 1.2) targeting a specific determinant on human neuroblastoma cells.
- To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of HSAN 1.2 in neuroblastoma and other pediatric malignancies.
Main Methods:
- Derivation and characterization of IgG1k monoclonal antibody HSAN 1.2.
- Immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis of HSAN 1.2 binding to various tumor cell lines and primary samples.
- Assessment of HSAN 1.2 antigen distribution in normal human tissues.
Main Results:
- HSAN 1.2 recognized a cell membrane determinant present on all tested human neuroblastoma cell lines, with variable antigen density.
- The antibody showed cross-reactivity with Wilm's tumor, retinoblastoma, and one Ewing's sarcoma cell line, but not with other pediatric tumors or normal cells.
- HSAN 1.2 detected as few as 0.1% neuroblastoma cells in bone marrow aspirates, with antigen expression limited to brain and newborn kidney in normal tissues.
Conclusions:
- HSAN 1.2 is a valuable tool for discriminating neuroblastoma from other pediatric cancers.
- The antibody facilitates detection of neuroblastoma cells in metastatic sites like bone marrow.
- HSAN 1.2 holds potential for selective neuroblastoma cell removal during autologous stem cell transplantation.