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Related Experiment Videos

Etiologic heterogeneity in alcoholism.

S B Gilligan1, T Reich, C R Cloninger

  • 1Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.

Genetic Epidemiology
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study found that alcoholism has different genetic causes in men and women, with distinct familial patterns and clinical features observed in male and female alcoholics. These findings support the idea of etiologic heterogeneity in alcohol abuse.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Alcohol abuse exhibits etiologic heterogeneity, with previous studies suggesting different patterns in men and women.
  • Swedish adoption studies identified two male alcoholism types (early-onset/type-2 and late-onset/type-1) and a homogeneous pattern in females similar to type-1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine etiologic heterogeneity in alcohol abuse within American pedigrees.
  • To contrast familial transmission models of alcoholism susceptibility between male and female probands' families.

Main Methods:

  • Segregation analyses were performed on 195 extended pedigrees (288 nuclear families) of hospitalized Caucasian American alcoholics.
  • Families were analyzed based on male versus female probands, and male probands' families were further categorized into 'male-like' and 'female-like' subtypes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discriminant function analysis was used to differentiate clinical features of alcohol-related symptoms between familial subtypes.

    • Main Results:

    • Families of male probands showed significant familial resemblance with both multifactorial-polygenic and major gene effects.
    • Familial resemblance in female probands' families was attributed solely to multifactorial-polygenic effects.
    • A statistically significant difference in familial transmission patterns and clinical features was observed between 'male-like' and 'female-like' families of male alcoholics.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support etiologic heterogeneity in alcohol abuse, with distinct familial transmission patterns observed between male and female probands.
    • Alcoholism subtypes in men ('male-like' vs. 'female-like') differ in onset age, abstinence issues, and guilt/loss of control symptoms.
    • These results highlight the importance of considering sex and familial patterns in understanding the genetic and clinical heterogeneity of alcoholism.