Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Virtual Work

Virtual Work

The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...

International Nursing Organizations II

International Nursing Organizations II

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...

International Nursing Organizations I

International Nursing Organizations I

International Nursing Organization (ICN) is a global union of national nurses' organizations. Individual nurses can be a part of ICN through member organizations. Each member organization strives to ensure quality nursing care, sound health policies, the advancement of nursing knowledge, respect for the profession, and a satisfied and competent nursing workforce.
ICN member organizations work to advance the field of nursing and healthcare via policies, partnerships, lobbying, professional...

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
Next,...

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
To apply the principle of virtual work,...

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Reverse adoption of information and communication technology among organisers of academic conferences.

Scientometrics·2023

Same author

Threat Perception and Adaptive Capacity of Natural World Heritage Site Management.

Environmental management·2023

Same author

Importance of temporary and permanent snow for new second homes.

International journal of biometeorology·2023

Same author

Determinants of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions generated by air travel vary across reasons for the trip.

Environmental science and pollution research international·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 29, 2025

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

When international academic conferences go virtual.

Martin Thomas Falk¹, Eva Hagsten²

¹Department of Business and IT, School of Business, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Gullbringvegen 36, 3800 Bø, Norway.

|November 24, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many international academic conferences to shift online. Approximately 28% transitioned to virtual formats, with factors like location (US), planning time, and broadband infrastructure influencing this change.

Keywords:

Academic conferences High-speed broadband Online conference Probit estimations Video conferences Virtual conferences

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Published on: February 23, 2024

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Published on: June 23, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 29, 2025

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories

Published on: February 23, 2024

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Mixed Reality for Education MRE Implementation and Results in Online Classes for Engineering

Published on: June 23, 2023

Area of Science:

Social Sciences
Business
Economics
Information Technology
Management

Background:

Sudden immobility due to COVID-19 disrupted traditional international academic conferences.
The pandemic necessitated rapid adaptation in conference formats.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the extent of format changes in international academic conferences to virtual.
To identify factors influencing the shift to virtual conference formats during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from 587 international academic conferences scheduled between March and August 2020.
Probit estimations used to determine the probability of format change.

Main Results:

Approximately 28% of conferences transitioned to a virtual format.
The probability of shifting to virtual formats increased with conferences located in the United States, longer planning horizons, and better broadband infrastructure.
The United States and Information Technology fields showed the highest propensity for virtual conferences.

Conclusions:

Conference format adaptation to virtual was significantly influenced by geographical location, planning, and technological infrastructure.
The findings highlight the impact of external shocks on academic event organization and the role of digital infrastructure.