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Characteristics of mortal COVID-19 cases compared to the survivors

Xianghui Zhou1,2, Zhipeng Cheng1,2, Dan Shu3

  • 1Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.

Aging
|November 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Certain comorbidities and elevated inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein predict severe outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). These factors, along with coagulation indicators, are crucial for understanding COVID-19 mortality risk.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The global emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to significant mortality and public health concerns.
  • Identifying risk factors for COVID-19 mortality is crucial for effective clinical management and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis exploring risk factors associated with mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To identify key comorbidities, laboratory markers, and medical interventions that predict poor prognosis in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI databases up to August 10, 2020.
  • Data from 19 selected studies were extracted and analyzed using a meta-analysis approach with Stata 16.0 software.

Main Results:

  • Comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, malignancies, COPD, cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and chronic liver disease were significantly more prevalent in fatal COVID-19 cases.
  • Elevated coagulation markers (e.g., D-dimer, platelet count) and inflammatory markers (e.g., C-reactive protein, IL-6) were associated with disease deterioration.
  • The need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and mechanical ventilation indicated a poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Specific comorbidities, coagulation indicators, and inflammatory markers are significant predictors of prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
  • Understanding these risk factors can aid clinicians in optimizing treatment strategies to reduce COVID-19 mortality.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay of host factors and disease progression in severe COVID-19 cases.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2coronavirus disease 2019death casessurvival cases

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