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Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
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Anaphylaxis in children.

Luciana Kase Tanno1,2,3,4, Pascal Demoly2,3,4

  • 1Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|November 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anaphylaxis in children, a severe allergic reaction, is often triggered by food and can be fatal. Global action is needed to improve treatment access, as epinephrine auto-injectors are unavailable in many countries.

Keywords:
adrenaline/epinephrine auto-injectorsanaphylaxisclassificationepidemiologymanagementpreventiontreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis in children is a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction, with a fatality rate of 0.65%–2%.
  • Common triggers include foods like cow's milk, peanuts, and tree nuts.
  • Risk factors include asthma, specific food allergies, and adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant unmet needs in managing childhood anaphylaxis.
  • To introduce the Montpellier WHO Collaborating Centre's initiative for a global action plan.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anaphylaxis epidemiology in children.
  • Analysis of triggers, risk factors, and mortality.
  • Assessment of global availability of adrenaline auto-injectors.

Main Results:

  • Food allergens are primary triggers, with cow's milk, peanuts, and tree nuts being most common.
  • Laryngeal edema is a major cause of death (40%-50%), while mucocutaneous signs are frequent but not essential for diagnosis.
  • Adrenaline auto-injectors are accessible in only 32% of countries, indicating a critical treatment gap.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood anaphylaxis presents substantial challenges requiring urgent global attention.
  • The WHO Collaborating Centre aims to address these unmet needs through a global action plan.