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Flexible Adipose-Vascular Tissue Assembly Using Combinational 3D Printing for Volume-Stable Soft Tissue

Won-Woo Cho1,2, Byoung Soo Kim2,3, Minjun Ahn1,2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|November 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel method for soft tissue engineering by assembling 3D printed adipose-vascular tissue modules. The engineered tissue modules demonstrate stable volume, neovascularization, and adipogenesis, offering a promising approach for functional tissue reconstruction.

Keywords:
decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) bioinkspolycaprolactone(PCL)soft tissue reconstructiontissue assemblyvascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Traditional adipose tissue engineering faces challenges including hypoxia, poor vascularization, and mechanical property mismatch.
  • Previous methods often result in limited vascularization and volume instability in engineered tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and develop a novel concept for soft tissue engineering using assembled cell-laden tissue modules.
  • To engineer flexible, non-hypoxic, and volume-stable adipose-vascular tissue assemblies.
  • To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the engineered tissue assemblies for functional reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of adipose-vascular tissue modules using planar 3D cell printing with customized bioinks and synthetic polymer substructures.
  • Assembly of tissue modules into a module holder using rotational 3D printing to create a flexible, volumetric tissue construct.
  • In vitro and in vivo evaluations to assess the stability, vascularization, and adipogenesis of the engineered tissue.

Main Results:

  • Successful engineering of flexible and volumetric adipose-vascular tissue assemblies.
  • Demonstrated stable volume, significant neovascularization, and adipogenesis in implanted assemblies over four weeks.
  • Newly formed lipid droplets and tissue morphology comparable to native adipose tissue.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed cell printing-based tissue assembly is a pioneering approach for soft tissue engineering.
  • This method overcomes limitations of previous adipose tissue engineering strategies, offering improved vascularization and volume stability.
  • The engineered tissue assemblies show potential for functional reconstruction of soft tissues.