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Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

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Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
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Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents01:26

Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

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Besides iodine, other oxidizing or reducing agents can serve as titrants in redox titrations. Common oxidizing titrants include KMnO4, cerium(IV), and K2Cr2O7. The choice of oxidizing titrants depends on factors like stability, cost, analyte strength, and reaction rate between the analyte and titrant. KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing titrant that reduces from Mn(VII) to Mn(II) in a highly acidic solution, simultaneously oxidizing the analyte to a higher oxidation state. In this case, KMnO4 acts as a...
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Author Spotlight: Extended Oxygen Consumption Measurement in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Using Resipher
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Redox tolerance and metabolic reprogramming in solid tumors.

Keywan Mortezaee1

  • 1Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

Cell Biology International
|November 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tumor cells exhibit enhanced redox tolerance and adaptive metabolism for survival. Targeting these adaptations, including metabolic reprogramming and stroma interactions, offers promising therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

Keywords:
cancerglycolysishallmarkmitochondrianormal celloxidative stressreprogrammingtumor microenvironment (TME)

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Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of Primary Leukemia Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Tumor cells require potent adaptations to survive and proliferate in challenging host environments.
  • Cancer cells display superior redox tolerance compared to normal cells, enabling adaptation to oxidative stress.
  • Increased bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands drive heightened nutrient uptake in tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the adaptive metabolic processes and redox tolerance mechanisms that enable tumor survival and growth.
  • To investigate the interplay between tumor metabolism, redox homeostasis, and the tumor microenvironment.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies by targeting tumor-stroma metabolic coupling and redox regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tumor cell adaptations to host conditions, focusing on redox tolerance and metabolic reprogramming.
  • Examination of nutrient uptake and utilization under varying nutrient availability.
  • Investigation of metabolic coupling between cancer cells and associated stroma, including cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • Tumor cells possess enhanced redox tolerance, adapting to oxidative crises.
  • Tumors exhibit adaptive metabolic processes, including glucose-dependent metabolism in hypoxic conditions and alternative fuel utilization.
  • Metabolic reprogramming is facilitated by cancer cell-stroma interactions, such as metabolic symbiosis with cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Conclusions:

  • Redox tolerance and metabolic reprogramming are interconnected survival mechanisms for tumor cells.
  • Disrupting redox tolerance or targeting metabolic rewiring presents viable therapeutic avenues.
  • Therapeutic strategies could involve modulating glucose availability, controlling tumor/stroma interactions, and targeting redox systems.