Noninvasive Determination of IDH and 1p19q Status of Lower-grade Gliomas Using MRI Radiomics: A Systematic Review

Determination of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status and, if IDH-mutant, assessing 1p19q codeletion are an important component of diagnosis of World Health Organization grades II/III or lower-grade gliomas. This has led to research into noninvasively correlating imaging features ("radiomics") with genetic status.

Our aim was to perform a diagnostic test accuracy systematic review for classifying IDH and 1p19q status using MR imaging radiomics, to provide future directions for integration into clinical radiology.

Ovid (MEDLINE), Scopus, and the Web of Science were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Diagnostic Test Accuracy guidelines.

Fourteen journal articles were selected that included 1655 lower-grade gliomas classified by their IDH and/or 1p19q status from MR imaging radiomic features.

For each article, the classification of IDH and/or 1p19q status using MR imaging radiomics was evaluated using the area under curve or descriptive statistics. Quality assessment was performed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool and the radiomics quality score.

The best classifier of IDH status was with conventional radiomics in combination with convolutional neural network-derived features (area under the curve  = 0.95, 94.4% sensitivity, 86.7% specificity). Optimal classification of 1p19q status occurred with texture-based radiomics (area under the curve  = 0.96, 90% sensitivity, 89% specificity).

A meta-analysis showed high heterogeneity due to the uniqueness of radiomic pipelines.

Radiogenomics is a potential alternative to standard invasive biopsy techniques for determination of IDH and 1p19q status in lower-grade gliomas but requires translational research for clinical uptake.