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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Nanomaterial-Based Tumor Photothermal Immunotherapy.

Peng Xu1, Feng Liang1

  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Nanomedicine
|November 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Photothermal therapy (PTT) using nanomaterials offers a dual approach to cancer treatment by directly ablating tumors and stimulating a robust anti-tumor immune response. Combining PTT with immunotherapy enhances its overall efficacy.

Keywords:
cell death mechanism of PTTimmunogenic cell deathnanomaterialsphotothermal immunotherapytumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging cancer treatment.
  • Nanomaterial-based PTT offers enhanced tumor ablation capabilities.
  • PTT can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), activating systemic anti-tumor immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the mechanisms of nanomaterial-based PTT in cancer treatment.
  • To elucidate PTT's impact on the tumor microenvironment and immune response.
  • To review advancements in nanomaterial-based photothermal immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nanomaterial-based PTT mechanisms.
  • Analysis of PTT's effects on tumor microenvironment and immune cells.
  • Synthesis of recent findings in photothermal immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Nanomaterial-based PTT directly kills cancer cells via hyperthermia.
  • PTT triggers ICD, leading to immune cell activation and cytokine release.
  • Combination therapy of PTT and immunotherapy shows improved anti-tumor effects.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomaterial-based PTT is a potent strategy for cancer ablation and immune stimulation.
  • Understanding PTT's immunomodulatory effects is crucial for optimizing combination therapies.
  • Further research into photothermal immunotherapy holds significant promise for cancer treatment.