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May the best-sighted win? The relationship between visual function and performance in Para judo.

Kai Krabben1, Evgeny Mashkovskiy2, H J C Rianne Ravensbergen1

  • 1Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|November 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study suggests splitting visually impaired (VI) judo into two sport classes based on visual acuity (VA) to ensure fair competition. A cut-off point around 2.5 logMAR units is proposed to separate partially sighted from functionally blind athletes.

Keywords:
Paralympic sportsdecision tree analysisevidence-based classificationjudovision impairment

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Ophthalmology
  • Disability Sports

Background:

  • Current classification systems for visually impaired (VI) judo may not optimally separate athletes.
  • Establishing evidence-based sport classes is crucial for fair competition in VI judo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine optimal cut-off points for a new evidence-based classification system in VI judo.
  • To investigate the relationship between visual function (visual acuity and visual field) and judo performance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from international VI judo competitions (2012-2018).
  • Calculation of athlete win ratios to assess performance.
  • Statistical analysis including decision tree analysis and bootstrap sampling to identify cut-off points for visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF).

Main Results:

  • Visual acuity (VA) was significantly associated with judo performance (r = -.33, p < .001).
  • Visual field (VF) was not significantly associated with judo performance (r = .30, p = .15).
  • Decision tree analysis suggested a VA cut-off of 2.5 logMAR units, though stability assessment showed variability (2.0-3.5 logMAR).

Conclusions:

  • VI judo should be divided into two sport classes to separate partially sighted and functionally blind athletes, minimizing the impact of impairment on competition outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to refine the exact cut-off point and consider other visual function measures, requiring a multidisciplinary evaluation.