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Related Concept Videos

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

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Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred...
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Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
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Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
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Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature02:19

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Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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Tunable analog thermal material.

Guoqiang Xu1, Kaichen Dong2,3, Ying Li1,4,5

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, 117583, Republic of Singapore.

Nature Communications
|November 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an analog thermal material with tunable thermal conductivity (κ), bridging the gap between discrete and static metamaterials. The novel material offers in-situ control from near-zero to near-infinity κ for flexible thermal management.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Thermal Engineering
  • Physics

Background:

  • Natural materials have fixed thermal conductivity (κ).
  • Existing thermal metamaterials offer discrete, static effective κ values.
  • There is a need for dynamically tunable thermal materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an analog thermal material with continuously tunable thermal conductivity (κ).
  • To demonstrate in-situ control of heat flow for flexible thermal manipulation.
  • To provide a platform for studying heat transfer in dynamic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a proof-of-concept device with a spinning uncured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) core.
  • Utilized fixed bilayer rings made of silicone grease and steel.
  • Leveraged PDMS-induced convective effects to modulate heat flow.

Main Results:

  • Achieved in-situ tunable effective thermal conductivity (κ) from near-zero to near-infinity.
  • Demonstrated robust heat flow molding with continuously changing and anisotropic κ.
  • Validated the concept of analog thermal materials for dynamic thermal control.

Conclusions:

  • The developed analog thermal material offers unprecedented flexibility in thermal manipulation.
  • This work overcomes the limitations of discrete and static thermal metamaterials.
  • The system provides a novel platform for investigating heat transfer in systems with moving components.