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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
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Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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Childhood caries and hospital admissions in England: a reflection on preventive strategies.

British dental journal·2021
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Fluoride in toothpaste - is the expressed total fluoride content meaningful for caries prevention?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Sampling and Pretreatment of Tooth Enamel Carbonate for Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Analysis
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Pyrophosphates in toothpaste: a retrospective and reappraisal.

Ronnie S Levine1

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery, University of Leeds School of Dentistry, Worsley Building, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK. r.s.levine@leeds.ac.uk.

British Dental Journal
|November 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Pyrophosphate toothpastes prevent tartar but may reduce fluoride

Area of Science:

  • Dental Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Pyrophosphates are widely used in toothpastes as anti-tartar agents, inhibiting calcium phosphate deposition.
  • These chelating agents are known to inhibit hydroxyapatite crystal growth, potentially affecting tooth demineralization-remineralization balance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether pyrophosphates in toothpaste compromise the anti-cavity efficacy of fluoride.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical research on pyrophosphate-containing toothpastes and their effect on caries protection.
  • Analysis of theoretical implications of pyrophosphates on the tooth surface's mineral equilibrium.

Main Results:

  • Limited and inconsistent clinical evidence exists regarding the impact of pyrophosphates on fluoride's caries protection.

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  • Theoretical concerns suggest pyrophosphates might interfere with the natural remineralization process of teeth.

    • Conclusions:

    • More clinical research is needed to definitively assess the interaction between pyrophosphates and fluoride in preventing cavities.
    • Due to insufficient evidence, pyrophosphate-containing toothpastes are not recommended for children under 12 years old.