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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
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The journey of sperm from its origin to the point of ejaculation begins within the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Here, Sertoli cells produce fluid that propels non-motile sperm through a series of conduits, starting with the straight tubules leading to the rete testis. This interconnected network of tubules acts as the initial pathway for sperm, guiding them into the efferent ductules and then into the epididymis for maturation.
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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Stable Isotope In-Vivo Labeling for Mass-Spectrometry Identification of Paternal Metabolites Transferred from Sperm to Oocyte During Fertilization
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Does sperm origin-Ejaculated or testicular-Affect embryo morphokinetic parameters?

Gilad Karavani1, Yoav Kan-Tor2,3,4, Natali Schachter-Safrai1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center-Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Andrology
|November 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sperm origin impacts embryo development. Ejaculated sperm leads to faster embryo development and higher implantation rates compared to testicular sperm in male factor infertility cases.

Keywords:
azoospermiamale factor infertilitymorphokineticsoligo-astheno-teratozoospermiatime-lapse monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Embryology
  • Infertility Research

Background:

  • Male factor infertility presents diagnostic challenges regarding sperm origin (ejaculated vs. testicular).
  • The influence of sperm origin on early embryo development and implantation success remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of sperm origin on embryo morphokinetics and implantation rates in couples with male factor infertility.
  • To compare embryo development using time-lapse monitoring between ejaculated and testicular sperm groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 419 embryos from oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia patients, 158 from non-obstructive azoospermia (testicular sperm), and 190 from controls (normal ejaculated sperm).
  • Evaluation of morphokinetic parameters and implantation rates using time-lapse monitoring.
  • Statistical comparison between groups and analysis based on implantation status.

Main Results:

  • Embryos from ejaculated sperm (normal and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia) reached later developmental milestones faster than those from testicular sperm.
  • Higher implantation rates were observed in the oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia group compared to the testicular sperm group (45.8% vs. 33.6%).
  • Time to 8-cell stage (t8) within 48-56 hours was a significant predictor of successful implantation in male factor infertility.

Conclusions:

  • Sperm origin significantly influences embryo developmental kinetics and implantation potential.
  • Ejaculated spermatozoa is associated with more rapid embryo development and higher implantation rates than testicular spermatozoa.
  • Targeting specific developmental milestones like t8 may enhance implantation success in male factor infertility treatments.