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Peripheral immunological features of COVID-19 patients in Taizhou, China: A retrospective study
Xiao-Hong Jin1, Hui-Li Zhou1, Ling-Ling Chen1
1Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, China.
Insights
Severe COVID-19 is linked to lower immune cells like CD8+ T cells and higher C-reactive protein (CRP). These factors predict disease severity and normalize after recovery, aiding in understanding coronavirus disease 2019 progression.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Peripheral immunological abnormalities correlate with COVID-19 progression.
- Understanding these immune changes is crucial for managing severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify potential risk factors for severe COVID-19.
- To evaluate peripheral immunological features in COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrieved clinical and laboratory data from 146 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients.
- Utilized covariate logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for severe disease.
Main Results:
- Severe COVID-19 cases showed significantly lower lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, eosinophils, albumin, and pre-albumin on admission.
- Elevated neutrophils, IL-10, CRP, AST, and GGT were observed in severe cases.
- CD8+ T cell count and CRP levels were identified as independent risk factors for severe COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- Peripheral immune cell subsets in severe COVID-19 patients normalized by the second week post-discharge.
- CD8+ T cell counts and CRP levels upon admission are independent predictors of COVID-19 severity.
Background:
Abnormal peripheral immunological features are associated with the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods:
Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved in a cohort of 146 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients. Potential risk factors for the development of severe COVID-19 were evaluated.
Results:
On admission, lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, eosinophils, and albumin and pre-albumin were dramatically lower, whereas neutrophils, and interleukin (IL)-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were significantly higher in severe cases. By the second week after discharge, all variables improved to normal levels. Covariate logistic regression results showed that the CD8+ cell count and CRP level were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19.
Conclusion:
Lower peripheral immune cell subsets in patients with severe disease recovered to normal levels as early as the second week after discharge. CD8+ T cell counts and CRP levels on admission are independent predictive factors for severe COVID-19.
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