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Protective Effects of Melatonin against Severe Burn-Induced Distant Organ Injury: A Systematic Review and
Dewan Md Sumsuzzman1,2,3,4, Jeonghyun Choi1,2,3,4, Zeeshan Ahmad Khan2,3,4
1Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
Abstract:
Extensive burns result in a local wound response and distant-organ injury (DOI) caused by oxidative-stress and inflammation. Melatonin (MT) shows promise in alleviating oxidative-stress and inflammation, but its role in thermal injury is largely unexplored. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to assess the effects of MT on oxidative-stress and inflammatory markers against severe burn-induced DOI. Mean difference (MD)/standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using fixed-effect/random-effects models. Eighteen experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the control group, MT significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (SMD, -1.03; 95% CI, -1.30, -0.76, p < 0.00001) and 4-hydroxynonenal (MD, -1.06; 95% CI, -1.57, -0.56, p < 0.0001). Additionally, MT increased the levels of glutathione (SMD, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.27, 2.61, p < 0.00001) and superoxide-dismutase (SMD, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.08, 1.45, p = 0.03). Finally, MT significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD, -1.34; 95% CI, -1.92 to -0.77; p < 0.00001) and C-reactive protein (MD, -12.67; 95% CI, -16.72 to -8.62; p < 0.00001). Meta-analysis indicates that severe burn followed by immediate MT (10 mg/kg) intervention shows significant beneficial effects after 24-h against DOI by regulating oxidative-stress and the inflammatory response.
Insights
Melatonin (MT) effectively reduces oxidative stress and inflammation markers following severe burns. This meta-analysis confirms MT
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Extensive burns trigger local wound responses and distant organ injury (DOI) due to oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Melatonin (MT) is recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its efficacy in thermal injury contexts is under-researched.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of melatonin on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in severe burn-induced DOI.
- To evaluate the potential of melatonin as an intervention for mitigating burn-related complications.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of eighteen experimental studies were conducted.
- Data were synthesized using fixed-effect or random-effects models to estimate mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
- Studies focused on the impact of melatonin intervention on specific oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers.
Main Results:
- Melatonin significantly reduced malondialdehyde (SMD, -1.03) and 4-hydroxynonenal (MD, -1.06) levels, indicating decreased lipid peroxidation.
- Melatonin increased glutathione (SMD, 1.94) and superoxide-dismutase (SMD, 0.76) levels, enhancing antioxidant capacity.
- Melatonin significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (SMD, -1.34) and C-reactive protein (MD, -12.67) levels, suppressing inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Immediate administration of melatonin (10 mg/kg) following severe burns demonstrates significant beneficial effects against DOI within 24 hours.
- Melatonin effectively regulates both oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, highlighting its therapeutic potential in burn management.
