The Panopticon device: An integrated Paul-trap-hemispherical mirror system for quantum optics

Area of Science:

• Atomic, Molecular, and Optical (AMO) Physics
• Quantum Optics
• Experimental Physics

Background:

• Trapping single ions is crucial for quantum information processing and studying fundamental physics.
• Previous experimental setups faced limitations in optical access and fluorescence collection efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and construct a novel experimental apparatus for trapping single Ba+ ions.
• To enable the investigation of quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects, including spontaneous emission modification.
• To achieve high efficiency in collecting emitted photons in a single optical mode.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a monolithic, 3D-printed Paul trap with high optical access.
• Integrated an optical-quality hemispherical mirror positioned at the ion's location.
• Employed a diffraction-limited, in-vacuum lens (NA = 0.7) for fluorescence collection.
• Housed the apparatus within a state-of-the-art ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system.

Main Results:

• Successfully trapped single Ba+ ions at the center of curvature of the hemispherical mirror.
• Achieved a photon collection efficiency of 31% in a single optical mode.
• Demonstrated the capability to study strong inhibition and enhancement of spontaneous emission.

Conclusions:

• The newly developed apparatus provides a robust platform for exploring QED phenomena with trapped ions.
• The high collection efficiency facilitates sensitive measurements of light-matter interactions.
• This work advances the experimental capabilities for precision measurements in atomic physics.