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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Non-Coding RNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Yan Shi1, Daihong Ding1, Rongfeng Qu1

  • 1Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.

Oncotargets and Therapy
|December 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This review explores microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for DLBCL.

Keywords:
circRNAdiffuse large B-cell lymphomalong non-coding RNAmicroRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with ~40% of patients experiencing treatment failure.
  • The molecular underpinnings of DLBCL remain incompletely understood, necessitating novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of cellular processes and potential disease biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the current knowledge on microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in DLBCL.
  • To elucidate the characteristics, molecular functions, and potential roles of these ncRNAs in DLBCL pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs in DLBCL for future research and clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on ncRNAs and DLBCL.
  • Analysis of existing data on miRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA expression and function in DLBCL.
  • Synthesis of information regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of ncRNAs in DLBCL.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are involved in key biological processes relevant to DLBCL, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
  • Specific miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs have been identified as dysregulated in DLBCL, correlating with disease status and patient outcomes.
  • ncRNAs exhibit characteristics such as stability and specificity, making them promising biomarkers for DLBCL diagnosis and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a significant area of research with substantial potential for improving DLBCL diagnosis and treatment.
  • Further investigation into the specific roles and mechanisms of miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs in DLBCL is warranted.
  • Targeting ncRNAs may offer novel therapeutic strategies for patients with refractory or relapsed DLBCL.