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Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry.

Jun Maruta1,2,3, Jacob M Mallott4, Gary Sulioti4,5

  • 1Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Neurology
|December 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Concussions can cause brain asymmetry, deviating from normal brain structure. This study found increased asymmetry in concussion patients compared to healthy individuals, suggesting a potential diagnostic marker.

Keywords:
acute concussionbilateral homologdiffusion tensor imaging (DTI)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Brain injuries like concussions can disrupt normal brain symmetry.
  • Quantifying brain asymmetry using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics may help characterize neurological pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether concussion patients exhibit greater brain asymmetry than healthy individuals.
  • To explore the potential of brain asymmetry as a biomarker for concussion.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to scan the brains of 35 healthy individuals and 15 concussion patients.
  • Bilateral correlation coefficients and a symmetry index of diffusion tensor metrics (Fractional Anisotropy, Mean Diffusivity, Axial Diffusivity, Radial Diffusivity) were calculated for 21 white matter regions of interest (ROIs).
  • Group comparisons were made to assess differences in brain asymmetry between concussion patients and controls.

Main Results:

  • Normal subjects displayed regional variations in symmetry and common structural lateralization.
  • Concussion patients showed significantly higher overall brain asymmetry compared to healthy controls.
  • Increased asymmetry was specifically observed in the corticospinal tract of concussion patients.

Conclusions:

  • Concussions can lead to measurable deviations in brain asymmetry from a normal state.
  • Abnormal brain asymmetry may serve as a clinical indicator of post-concussion pathology.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical utility of brain asymmetry in concussion assessment.