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Published on: April 25, 2022
Genetic variability in noncoding RNAs: involvement of miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in osteoporosis pathogenesis
Simona Fittipaldi1, Virginia Veronica Visconti1,2, Umberto Tarantino2,3
1Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Medical Genetics Section, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is multifactorial and is the consequence of genetic, hormonal and lifestyle factors. Epigenetics, including noncoding RNA (ncRNA) deregulation, represents a link between susceptibility to develop the disease and environmental influences. The majority of studies investigated the expression of ncRNAs in osteoporosis patients; however, very little information is available on their genetic variability. In this review, we focus on two classes of ncRNAs: miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). We summarize recent findings on how polymorphisms in miRNAs and lncRNAs can perturb the lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis and may be involved in osteoporosis clinical outcome. We also provide a general overview on databases and bioinformatic tools useful for associating miRNAs and lncRNAs variability with complex genetic diseases.
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