Immunotherapy toxicity. Diagnosis and treatment
Carlos Toribio-Vázquez1, Juan Gómez Rivas2, Alvaro Yebes1
1Department of Urology. La Paz University Hospital. Madrid. Spain. Autonomous University of Madrid. Madrid. Spain.
Abstract:
Anti CTLA-4, anti PD-L1 and anti PD-1immune check point inhibitors (ICI) down regulate natural inhibitory pathways of the immune system, in turn increasing tumour surveillance and elimination. Cancer treatment through immune regulation has revolutionised many cancer therapies. However, these new treatments have also brought unique immune related adverse events (irAEs).
Objective:
This paper presents a review of the available knowledge regarding irAE grading, incidence, diagnosis and management, serving as a clinical aid forall clinicians involved with ICI therapy.
Evidence Acquisition:
A comprehensive English-language literature research of original and review articles in the Medline database until June 2020 has been carried out, using the MeSH terms: "immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicities" and "immune related adverseevent".
Conclusions:
Further research should aim to investigate if the greater effect of combining ICI treatments issufficient to justify the increased risk of complications, as well as to identify specific subgroups that will benefit the most from these.
More Related Videos
07:29Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
Published on: April 22, 2019
06:38An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
Published on: September 12, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Tumor Immunotherapy
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
