RISK FACTORS AND COMORBIDITY IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA: RETROSPECTIVE COHORT ANALYSIS

There is a significant data about overlap of functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), however mostly the data is based on the previous diagnostic criteria and do not include other pathologies. In the previous researches there were no differential statistical analysis performed for different types of FD - postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EBS). Aim of the study - to assess potential risk factors and the prevalence of comorbid conditions associated with FD and to compare their frequency with the same in the group with no dyspeptic complaints and in patients with different types of FD - PDS and EPS. This study was conducted as a retrospective database analysis of the patients with newly set diagnosis of FD and control group. For all the cases the information on demographic (working status, family status) and lifestyle characteristics (body mass index, smoking status, and alcohol consumption), and comorbidities were collected from the medical files. We statistically analyzed the presence of risk factors, comorbidity and its frequency in the patients with FD and compared the results with control group and in the groups with different types of FD according to the generally accepted standards. This study included 158 patients with PDS, 87 patients with EBS, and 90 volunteers with no dyspeptic complaints. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and family status were not associated with the risk of FD. The presence of sleep disorders and being unemployed increased the risk of FD. The comparison of the results of the patients with different types of FD demonstrated that there were no statistical difference in risk factors for the PDS and EPS. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), IBS, chronic gastritis and / or duodenitis, anxiety, and depression occur more frequently in the group of patients with FD. No association between autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease (IHD) was evaluated. There was no statistical difference for the frequency of GERD, chronic gastritis and / or duodenitis, anxiety, AIT, arterial hypertension, and IHD in the patients with different types of FD. However, it was evaluated that IBS and depression occur more frequently in the group of patients with PDS, than in the patients with EPS.