STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CARDIOMYOCYTES IN RATS WITH ALLOXAN DIABETES

The aim of this research was to study the ongoing structural changes in rat cardiomyocytes during alloxan diabetes and their morphometric analysis in dynamics, in particular 1 and 3 months after the start of the experiment. The experiment was performed on 20 Wistar rats of both sexes, weighing 200-250 g. Of these, 10 rats were controls, and 10 ones with experimental diabetes. We were inducing experimental diabetes by intravenous administration of 150 mg 10% alloxan solution. Histological, biochemical, morphometric, and statistical methods of research were used in the experiment. Based on the histological examinations it was stated that dystrophic changes, necrosis, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were found in alloxan diabetes. Microcirculation was disrupted in the myocardium (endothelial lesion, stasis, red blood cell aggregation, and agglutination). At the later stage, all of the above changes were more pronounced in the right chambers of the heart. 3 months after the start of the experiment, along with all the above changes there was found the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, The morphometric study revealed that at the later stage, a significant increase in the diameter of cardiomyocytes, especially in the right chambers of the heart observed, which was most likely caused by the specific functional and structural features of the right chambers of the heart. All this gives us reason to assume that the impact of metabolic changes caused by diabetes mellitus on the right chambers of the heart is quite significant and noteworthy.