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Related Concept Videos

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Infertility in Males01:23

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

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When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
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Fertilization01:38

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

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Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Developing a core outcome set for future infertility research: an international consensus development study.

J M N Duffy1, H AlAhwany2, S Bhattacharya3

  • 1King's Fertility, Fetal Medicine Research Institute, London, UK; Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.

Fertility and Sterility
|December 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A standardized core outcome set was developed for infertility research to improve consistency in reporting outcomes. This set includes key indicators like viable pregnancy, live birth, and neonatal health, enhancing data interpretation in fertility studies.

Keywords:
Consensus development studycore outcome setsmodified Delphi methodmodified Nominal Group Techniqueoutcome measuresoutcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine and Clinical Trials
  • Standardization of Research Outcomes
  • Infertility Treatment Efficacy

Background:

  • Infertility research results are difficult to interpret due to inconsistent outcome selection, definitions, and reporting.
  • Lack of patient-centered outcome selection in previous infertility studies.
  • Need for a standardized approach to improve the reliability and comparability of infertility research.

Framework:

  • Developed a core outcome set using a three-round Delphi survey with 372 participants from 41 countries.
  • Consensus development workshop with 30 participants from 27 countries.
  • Involved healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals with fertility problems in the consensus process.

Implementation:

  • The core outcome set includes: viable intrauterine pregnancy, pregnancy loss, live birth, gestational age, birthweight, neonatal mortality, and major congenital anomaly.
  • Recommends reporting time to pregnancy leading to live birth when applicable.
  • The set aims to standardize outcome selection, collection, and reporting in future infertility research.

Implications:

  • Embedding the core outcome set in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews will enhance comprehensive outcome reporting.
  • Research funding bodies and over 80 specialty journals have committed to implementing this core outcome set.
  • Facilitates consistent interpretation and comparison of findings across infertility studies, advancing the field.