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Quantum computational advantage using photons
Han-Sen Zhong1,2, Hui Wang1,2, Yu-Hao Deng1,2
1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 4, 2020
Summary
The quantum computer Jiuzhang demonstrated quantum computational advantage by performing Gaussian boson sampling. This photonic quantum computing approach significantly outperforms classical supercomputers in speed and complexity.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Computing
- Quantum Optics
- Computational Complexity
Background:
- Quantum computers offer potential solutions for intractable computational problems.
- Boson sampling is a key task for demonstrating quantum computational advantage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To perform Gaussian boson sampling using a large-scale photonic quantum computer.
- To validate the quantum computational advantage of the Jiuzhang photonic quantum computer.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a 100-mode ultralow-loss interferometer with 50 single-mode squeezed states.
- Employed 100 high-efficiency single-photon detectors for output sampling.
- Validated results against hypotheses for thermal states, distinguishable photons, and uniform distribution.
Main Results:
- Achieved up to 76 output photon clicks, exploring a state-space dimension of 10^30.
- Demonstrated a sampling rate approximately 10^14 times faster than state-of-the-art classical simulations.
- Validated the quantum nature of the generated samples.
Conclusions:
- The Jiuzhang photonic quantum computer successfully demonstrated quantum computational advantage.
- Gaussian boson sampling is a viable pathway for achieving quantum supremacy.
- This work paves the way for more powerful quantum information processing technologies.
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