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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Neuroplasticity Improves Bipolar Disorder: A Review.

Arohi B Gandhi1, Ifrah Kaleem1, Josh Alexander1

  • 1Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

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Bipolar disorder involves neurotrophic impairments. This review explores how neuroplasticity, through physical activity and cognitive therapy, can enhance treatments for bipolar disorder by promoting brain health and function.

Keywords:
brain and bipolar disorderfrontal lobe in bipolarneuroimagingneuroplasticityneuroplasticity in bipolarparietal lobe in bipolarsynaptic plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by impaired neurotrophic and neuroprotective processes, leading to emotional and cognitive deficits.
  • Lithium is a mood stabilizer that leverages neuroplasticity to address pathophysiological imbalances in BD.
  • Despite research interest, neuroplasticity's potential has not been fully integrated into clinical treatment protocols for BD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of neuroplasticity in bipolar disorder.
  • To provide an incentive for utilizing neuroplastic mechanisms in treating BD.
  • To highlight how physical activity and cognitive therapy can impact neuroplasticity in BD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on neurotrophic and neuroprotective mechanisms in BD.
  • Analysis of how physical activity and cognitive therapy influence neuroplasticity.
  • Examination of neurogenesis and its effects on brain regions affected by BD.

Main Results:

  • Neuroplasticity mechanisms are crucial for addressing BD-related deficits.
  • Physical activity and cognitive therapy show potential for long-term changes in executive control networks.
  • These therapies may promote neurogenesis in the hippocampus and strengthen frontosubcortical and prefrontolimbic brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroplasticity offers a promising avenue for novel therapeutic strategies in bipolar disorder.
  • Integrating physical activity and cognitive therapy could enhance BD treatment by targeting neuroplastic mechanisms.
  • Further research and clinical application of neuroplasticity-based interventions are warranted for BD management.