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Toward the Super Temporal Resolution Image Sensor with a Germanium Photodiode for Visible Light.

Nguyen Hoai Ngo1, Anh Quang Nguyen2, Fabian M Bufler3

  • 1School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Germanium photodiodes (Ge PDs) offer super temporal resolution, surpassing silicon

Keywords:
SWIRgermaniumimage sensorsuper temporal resolutiontemporal resolution limitultra-high-speedvisible light

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Semiconductor Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Silicon photodiodes (Si PDs) have a theoretical temporal resolution limit of 11.1 ps.
  • Achieving 'super temporal resolution' requires exceeding this limit.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Germanium photodiodes (Ge PDs) as a material for achieving super temporal resolution.
  • To analyze the theoretical and practical temporal resolution limits of Ge PDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Monte Carlo simulations to analyze Ge PD temporal resolution.
  • Compared absorption coefficients, saturation drift velocities, and diffusion coefficients of Ge and Si.

Main Results:

  • The theoretical temporal resolution limit for Ge PDs was estimated at 0.26 ps, with a practical limit of 1.41 ps.
  • Ge PDs offer significantly higher absorption coefficients than Si PDs, enabling thinner devices.

Conclusions:

  • Ge PDs demonstrate potential for super temporal resolution, significantly exceeding Si PD limits.
  • Developing ultra-high-speed image sensors requires driver circuits operating at ≥100 GHz.
  • A phased approach is proposed, starting with SWIR sensors and progressing to smaller Ge PDs.