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Disparity in Birth Size of Ethiopian Preterm Infants in Comparison to International INTERGROWTH-21st Data

Netsanet Workneh Gidi1,2, Robert L Goldenberg3, Assaye K Nigussie4

  • 1Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

Global Pediatric Health
|December 7, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Ethiopian preterm infants showed lower birth weights compared to international standards after 32 weeks gestation, suggesting potential maternal undernutrition. Improved antenatal nutrition could enhance infant birth weight.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Fetal growth is significantly impacted by environmental, nutritional, and socioeconomic factors.
  • Population differences play a lesser role in fetal growth patterns.
  • Assessing anthropometric measurements of preterm infants is crucial for understanding growth deviations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anthropometric measurements of Ethiopian preterm infants at birth.
  • To compare these measurements with the international INTERGROWTH-21st standards.
  • To identify potential growth discrepancies in a specific population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of anthropometric data from 2763 live-born singleton preterm infants (28-36 weeks gestational age).
  • Calculation of gestational age and sex-specific mean, standard deviations, and centile values for birth weight, length, and head circumference.
  • Comparison of calculated values with INTERGROWTH-21st data.

Main Results:

  • 10.8% of infants were small for gestational age (SGA) and 9.9% were large for gestational age (LGA).
  • Boys generally had higher mean values for all measured parameters compared to girls.
  • Birth weight centiles were lower than international averages after 32 weeks gestation (100-500g less).
  • Head circumference centiles were largely comparable, with 90th centile values exceeding international averages.

Conclusions:

  • Lower birth weights at higher gestational ages suggest possible maternal undernutrition in the third trimester.
  • Interventions focusing on antenatal nutrition counseling and supplementation may improve infant birth weight.
  • Findings highlight the need for targeted nutritional support in pregnant populations.

Keywords:
SGAanthropometric measurementspreterm infantssize at birth

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