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Corticotomy depth and regional acceleratory phenomenon intensity.

Jeremy R Kernitsky, Taisuke Ohira, Dhurata Shosho

    The Angle Orthodontist
    |December 8, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    The depth of bone corticotomy influences the intensity of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). Deeper piezoelectric knife penetrations result in a more pronounced RAP response, crucial for bone healing in surgical orthodontics.

    Keywords:
    Corticotomy depthPiezocisionRegional acceleratory phenomenaSurgical facilitated orthodontics

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthodontics
    • Oral Surgery
    • Biomaterials

    Background:

    • The regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP) is a localized increase in bone metabolic activity following surgical intervention.
    • Understanding factors influencing RAP intensity is crucial for optimizing bone healing and treatment outcomes in orthodontics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between the depth of corticotomy performed with a piezoelectric knife and the subsequent intensity of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP).

    Main Methods:

    • A split-mouth study design was employed in Sprague-Dawley rats, comparing deep (transcortical) and shallow (intracortical) piezoelectric corticotomies on contralateral tibiae.
    • Histological analysis and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were used to assess osteoclastic activity and new collagen formation at various time points (days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28).

    Main Results:

    • Deep corticotomy penetrations demonstrated significantly higher osteoclastic activity and new collagen formation compared to shallow penetrations.
    • Peak osteoclastic activity was observed at day 14, and peak collagen formation at day 28, with marked differences between deep and shallow groups.

    Conclusions:

    • The intensity of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP) in rats is dependent on the depth of the corticotomy.
    • These findings highlight the importance of considering corticotomy depth in bone decortication for surgically facilitated orthodontic procedures to modulate bone response.