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Relationship between enuresis and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in children

Chen Sun1, Yingpeng Xu1, Chenxi Luo1

  • 1Department of ENT, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|December 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Childhood enuresis is linked to obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Factors like BMI and tonsil size contribute to enuresis in children with OSAHS, which may improve after adenotonsillectomy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is increasingly recognized in children.
  • Enuresis, or bedwetting, can be a symptom of underlying medical conditions.
  • The relationship between OSAHS and enuresis in pediatric populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between enuresis and OSAHS in children.
  • To identify factors influencing enuresis in children diagnosed with OSAHS.
  • To evaluate the impact of adenotonsillectomy on enuresis symptoms in children with OSAHS.

Main Methods:

  • 196 children (≥5 years) with snoring underwent polysomnography and nasopharynx radiography.
  • Pearson correlation and t-tests analyzed relationships between OSAHS severity (AHI, L-SaO2) and clinical factors (BMI, tonsil size, A/N ratio).
  • Logistic regression identified risk factors for enuresis; follow-up assessed treatment outcomes post-adenotonsillectomy.

Main Results:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI), tonsil size, and adenoidal-nasopharyngeal (A/N) ratio correlated with OSAHS severity indicators (Apnea-Hypopnea Index [AHI] and lowest oxygen saturation [L-SaO2]).
  • Children with enuresis exhibited higher severe OSAHS prevalence, AHI, tonsil size, and A/N ratio, alongside lower L-SaO2.
  • Logistic regression identified BMI, AHI, tonsil size, and sleep apnea as significant risk factors for enuresis.

Conclusions:

  • Enuresis is significantly associated with OSAHS in children.
  • Adenotonsillectomy demonstrates potential as an effective treatment for improving enuresis symptoms in children with OSAHS.
  • Early identification and management of OSAHS may alleviate enuresis in affected children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Enuresisadenoidchildrenobstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndromepolysomnographytonsil

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