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Diabetic Corneal Neuropathy.

Hassan Mansoor1, Hong Chang Tan2, Molly Tzu-Yu Lin3

  • 1Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi 44000, Pakistan.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic keratopathy damages corneal nerves due to diabetes. Corneal nerve assessment can monitor diabetic peripheral neuropathy and guide treatment for this vision-threatening complication.

Keywords:
corneal nervesdiabetes mellitusdiabetic keratopathydiabetic neuropathyneurotrophic keratopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Diabetic keratopathy (DK) is an underdiagnosed ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • Chronic hyperglycemia in DM causes progressive damage to corneal nerves, leading to diabetic corneal neuropathy.
  • DK presents with varied clinical manifestations, from reduced corneal sensitivity to sight-threatening ulcers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight diabetic keratopathy as a significant complication of diabetes mellitus.
  • To emphasize the role of corneal nerve assessment as a surrogate marker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  • To discuss the current understanding and future directions in managing diabetic corneal neuropathy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on diabetic keratopathy and diabetic corneal neuropathy.
  • Correlation analysis between corneal nerve damage and diabetic peripheral neuropathy status.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic and imaging tools for assessing corneal nerves.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic corneal neuropathy severity correlates with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  • The corneal nerve plexus serves as a valuable surrogate marker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
  • Clinical manifestations of DK are dependent on the severity of neuropathy.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic keratopathy is a serious complication requiring early detection and management.
  • Advances in corneal nerve imaging offer new possibilities for monitoring diabetic neuropathy.
  • Future research should focus on biomarkers, neuroprotective treatments, and improved clinical assessment strategies.