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Related Concept Videos

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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Aptamer Functionalized Lipid Multilayer Gratings for Label-Free Analyte Detection.

Plengchart Prommapan1, Nermina Brljak2, Troy W Lowry1,3

  • 1Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.

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|December 9, 2020
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Researchers developed a novel DNA aptamer-functionalized lipid multilayer grating for label-free detection of the protein thrombin. Optimizing lipid composition and thickness enhanced signal transduction for this promising optical biosensor technology.

Keywords:
aptamerarraybiosensordiagnosticsgratingmultiplexednanofabricationphotonicstransducervesicle

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Biosensing
  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Molecular Biology and Biochemistry

Background:

  • Lipid multilayer gratings offer a versatile platform for optical biosensors, enabling signal transduction upon analyte binding.
  • Pre-fabrication incorporation of recognition and amplification reagents into lipid gratings allows for integrated biosensor designs.
  • Existing methods often require labels for detecting molecular interactions, limiting direct and real-time analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free optical biosensor using functionalized lipid multilayer gratings for thrombin detection.
  • To investigate the efficacy of DNA aptamers for specific molecular recognition within the lipid grating matrix.
  • To optimize grating parameters for enhanced binding affinity and signal transduction.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of lipid multilayer gratings with a double cholesterol-tagged DNA aptamer specific to thrombin.
  • Utilizing a double-stranded DNA linker to attach the aptamer to the lipid grating structure.
  • Employing colorimetric image analysis of diffracted light from gratings to assess signal transduction and optimize nanostructures.

Main Results:

  • Successful attachment of DNA aptamers to lipid multilayers, enabling binding of fluorescently labeled thrombin.
  • Demonstrated label-free detection of thrombin using sub-100 nm-thick lipid multilayer gratings by improving binding affinity.
  • Identified lipid composition and multilayer thickness as critical factors influencing signal transduction efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-functionalized lipid multilayer gratings provide a viable strategy for label-free optical biosensing of proteins like thrombin.
  • The developed method highlights the importance of optimizing material properties and molecular immobilization for biosensor performance.
  • This approach holds potential for sensitive and specific detection in various diagnostic and research applications.