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[Level and trend of low birth weight mortality in children under 1 year old in China, 2004-2018]

W J Shang1, X P Pan1, J L Ye1

  • 1Department of Information Management, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China.

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi
|December 10, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The low birth weight mortality rate in children under 1 year old in China decreased significantly from 2004 to 2018. However, the proportion of these deaths is rising, particularly affecting boys and those in central and western regions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is a critical determinant of infant mortality.
  • Understanding temporal trends and demographic disparities in LBW mortality is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends in low birth weight (LBW) mortality rates among children under one year old in China between 2004 and 2018.
  • To examine disparities in LBW mortality across sex, urban/rural settings, and geographical regions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the National Mortality Surveillance Data Set (2004-2018).
  • Employed Joinpoint regression analysis to assess mortality rates, constituent ratios, and trends.
  • Calculated Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for trend analysis.

Main Results:

  • The overall LBW mortality rate in children under one year declined with an AAPC of -8.0% (95% CI: -10.6% to -5.4%).
  • The constituent ratio of LBW mortality showed an increasing trend (AAPC = 1.6%, 95% CI: 0.1% to 3.2%).
  • Disparities in mortality rates between sexes, urban/rural areas, and regions diminished over time, though boys and urban populations initially had higher rates. The western region showed a faster increase in the constituent ratio of LBW mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Despite a decreasing trend in the overall LBW mortality rate, its proportional contribution to infant deaths is increasing.
  • Boys and children in central and western China represent key populations requiring focused maternal and child health interventions.
  • Addressing regional and sex-based disparities remains crucial for comprehensive LBW mortality reduction strategies.

Keywords:
Low birth weightMortalityTrend

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