Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

7.5K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
7.5K
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

4.0K
Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
4.0K
Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

6.3K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
6.3K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

3.2K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
3.2K
Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments01:14

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

3.5K
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
3.5K
Catenins01:23

Catenins

2.8K
Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Significance of chorioretinal atrophy using ultra-widefield reflectance image as a risk factor for myopic choroidal neovascularization.

Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO·2026
Same author

Dual-Action Niclosamide-Polysaccharide Nasal Spray for the Early Therapeutic Intervention of Respiratory Viral Infections.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Pertussis toxin-induced lymphocytosis shifts the tumor microenvironment toward immune activation via CXCL9 signaling.

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII·2026
Same author

Enhanced electrical performance of tellurium FETs via ultra-thin atomic-layer-deposited Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>interlayer for Fermi-level de-pinning.

Nanotechnology·2026
Same author

Incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in trauma patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography using iso-osmolar contrast media.

The British journal of radiology·2026
Same author

Analogs of Spontaneous Emission and Lasing in Photonic Time Crystals.

Physical review letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange & MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation
07:15

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange & MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation

Published on: November 26, 2011

18.0K

Epac: new emerging cAMP-binding protein.

Kyungmin Lee1

  • 1Laboratory for Behavioral Neural Circuitry and Physiology, Department of Anatomy, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.

BMB Reports
|December 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) influences brain function through protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathways involving exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac). Understanding Epac

More Related Videos

Identifying the Binding Proteins of Small Ligands with the Differential Radial Capillary Action of Ligand Assay DRaCALA
09:26

Identifying the Binding Proteins of Small Ligands with the Differential Radial Capillary Action of Ligand Assay DRaCALA

Published on: March 19, 2021

3.8K
Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
11:33

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

Published on: December 17, 2013

6.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange & MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation
07:15

Amide Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange & MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Pak2 Activation

Published on: November 26, 2011

18.0K
Identifying the Binding Proteins of Small Ligands with the Differential Radial Capillary Action of Ligand Assay DRaCALA
09:26

Identifying the Binding Proteins of Small Ligands with the Differential Radial Capillary Action of Ligand Assay DRaCALA

Published on: March 19, 2021

3.8K
Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
11:33

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

Published on: December 17, 2013

6.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a crucial second messenger regulating neuronal morphology, physiology, and cognitive functions.
  • Exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac) represent key mediators of PKA-independent cAMP signaling in neural tissues.
  • Epac's role in neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, and emotional regulation is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse roles of Epac isoforms (Epac1 and Epac2) in neural tissues.
  • To highlight current controversies and unresolved issues regarding Epac function in the brain.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting Epac for mental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cAMP-Epac signaling in neuronal contexts.
  • Analysis of research on Epac's involvement in neurodevelopment and disease.
  • Synthesis of findings related to Epac1 and Epac2 functions in the nervous system.

Main Results:

  • Epac mediates critical PKA-independent cAMP functions in neurons, impacting synaptic remodeling and neurotransmitter release.
  • Epac signaling contributes to learning, memory, and emotional processing.
  • Epac isoforms show distinct and overlapping roles in neural tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Epac plays a significant role in neuronal function and cognitive processes.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate Epac's complex functions and therapeutic potential.
  • Targeting Epac may offer novel therapeutic strategies for mental health conditions.