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Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

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An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Testing of Nanoparticle Release from a Composite Containing Nanomaterial Using a Chamber System
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2D nanosheets and composites for EMI shielding analysis.

Ramsha Khan1, Zeeshan Mehmood Khan2, Hamza Bin Aqeel2

  • 1School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.

Scientific Reports
|December 10, 2020
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Summary

Size-selected graphene and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets demonstrate effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. These 2D materials show promise for flexible EMI shielding applications when incorporated into polymer composites.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is crucial for protecting electronic devices.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene and molybdenum disulfide offer unique properties for advanced applications.
  • Controlling nanosheet size and morphology is key to optimizing material performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the suitability of liquid-exfoliated, size-selected graphene nanosheets (GNS) and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MNS) for EMI shielding.
  • To evaluate the EMI shielding effectiveness of GNS and MNS, both individually and within a flexible composite material.
  • To correlate material properties with observed EMI shielding performance.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid exfoliation and size selection of GNS and MNS using centrifugation at varying speeds (1000 to 500 rpm).
  • Characterization of nanosheet dimensions using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
  • Fabrication of GNS and MNS films on nylon membranes and GNS-dispersed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites.
  • Measurement of EMI shielding effectiveness across a frequency range of 1-8 GHz.

Main Results:

  • SEM confirmed an increase in lateral dimensions of GNS and MNS (1-2 µm) with reduced centrifugation speed.
  • Micron-sized GNS and MNS restacked structures exhibited EMI shielding effectiveness of ~16 dB and ~6 dB, respectively (1-8 GHz).
  • Graphene nanosheet (GNS-500) composites demonstrated a maximum attenuation of ~18 dB, indicating broadband EMI shielding capability.
  • Enhanced shielding for GNS-500 is attributed to high carrier mobility and aspect ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Size-selected GNS and MNS are effective EMI shielding materials.
  • GNS-based composites show significant potential as flexible, broadband EMI shielding solutions.
  • Optimized nanosheet morphology is critical for achieving high EMI shielding performance.