Retrospective Analyses Associate Hemostasis Activation Biomarkers With Poor Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Infectious Diseases
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a high incidence of thromboembolic complications.
• Understanding the coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients is essential for improving patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess coagulation and inflammatory markers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
• To determine the association of these markers with thrombosis, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and poor outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 81 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
• Analysis of inflammatory markers (white blood cell count, C-reactive protein) and coagulation parameters (prothrombin fragment 1.2, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, fibrin monomers, D-dimer).
• Comparison of marker levels between patients with and without thrombosis, ICU admission, or poor outcomes.

Main Results:

• 11% of patients experienced thrombotic events (pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, stroke).
• Elevated levels of prothrombin fragment 1.2 (PF1.2), thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TATs), fibrin monomers, and D-dimer were observed in a significant proportion of patients.
• Abnormalities in PF1.2 and TATs were associated with ICU admission, while elevated D-dimer and fibrin monomers correlated with poor outcomes.
• Multiple abnormal coagulation parameters and elevated inflammatory markers (WBC, CRP) were linked to ICU admission and adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Abnormalities in biomarkers of hemostasis activation are significantly associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
• Inflammatory markers also play a role in predicting adverse outcomes in this population.
• These findings highlight the importance of monitoring coagulation and inflammatory status in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.