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Related Concept Videos

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
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Tweak to Treat: Reprograming Bacteria for Cancer Treatment.

Brendan Fu-Long Sieow1, Kwok Soon Wun2, Wei Peng Yong3

  • 1Synthetic Biology Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Trends in Cancer
|December 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered bacteria offer a novel approach to targeted cancer therapy by delivering anticancer agents directly to tumors. This review explores advancements in engineering bacteria and combination strategies for improved cancer treatment and prevention.

Keywords:
cancerengineered bacterialive biotherapeuticssynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Cancer Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Bioengineering
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Engineered live biotherapeutics are emerging for targeted cancer therapy.
  • Bacteria are being engineered for controlled delivery of anticancer agents into the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in engineered bacteria for cancer therapy.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing therapeutic payload delivery.
  • To discuss combination therapies and clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on engineered bacteria in cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of engineering strategies for payload delivery.
  • Exploration of combination therapies with conventional treatments.

Main Results:

  • Engineered bacteria show promise for targeted delivery of anticancer agents.
  • Advanced engineering strategies can potentiate therapeutic payload delivery.
  • Combination therapies may address intratumor heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered bacteria represent a promising frontier in cancer treatment and prevention.
  • Further development and clinical translation are crucial for realizing their full potential.