Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 26, 2025

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
Published on: October 31, 2019
Conformation-Changeable π-Electronic Systems with Metastable Bent-Core Conformations and Liquid-Crystalline-State
Kazuto Nakamura1, Shinya Sugiura1, Fumito Araoka2
1Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
Abstract:
This study focused on the use of nonconventional bent-core π-electronic systems, 2,2'-bipyrroles substituted with modified benzoyl units, as building units of stimuli-responsive assemblies. Electric-field-responsive mesophase behaviors were observed in homochiral synclinic ferroelectric smectic C structures comprising the syn conformations. Electric-field application induced changes in the polarized optical microscopy textures with dynamic behaviors derived from the conversion from twisted to untwisted states.
Related Concept Videos
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution
Valence Bond Theory
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

