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Related Concept Videos

Bearings: Problem Solving01:24

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Understanding the calculations and concepts related to double-collar bearings is essential for engineers and designers to optimize the performance of these components in various applications. By analyzing the bearing under different conditions, one can ensure that it can withstand the forces and moments experienced during operation. This knowledge enables better decision-making when designing and selecting bearings for specific purposes and configurations. Consider a double-collar bearing with...
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In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Mechanical Expansion of Steel Tubing as a Solution to Leaky Wellbores
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A novel borehole/annulus holdup calculation method based on pulsed neutron logging.

Xinguang Wang1, Feng Zhang1, Huanying Ma2

  • 1School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, Shandong Province, China.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|December 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method using pulsed neutron logging (PNL) to estimate oil holdup in complex well structures. The technique, based on carbon/oxygen and carbon/hydrogen ratios, accurately monitors residual oil saturation.

Keywords:
Borehole/annulus holdupCarbon/ hydrogen ratioCarbon/oxygen ratioPulsed neutron logging

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Geophysics
  • Well Logging

Background:

  • Pulsed neutron logging (PNL) tools are crucial for evaluating residual oil saturation in cased wells.
  • Complex casing structures in boreholes significantly impact oil saturation assessments due to borehole/annulus liquid holdup.
  • Accurate estimation of annulus liquid holdup is essential for reliable oil saturation evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a novel method for determining annulus oil holdup in cased wells with complex string structures.
  • To address the challenge of accurately assessing residual oil saturation in the presence of significant borehole/annulus liquid holdup.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new method to derive annulus oil holdup from ΔS, the difference between relative variations in carbon/oxygen and carbon/hydrogen ratios.
  • Utilized Monte Carlo simulations to model ΔS responses under diverse borehole and formation conditions.
  • Applied the proposed method to real-world data from an offshore production well.

Main Results:

  • Simulations confirmed that ΔS directly correlates with annulus oil holdup, validating the method's theoretical feasibility.
  • Field application demonstrated that calculated formation water saturation aligns well with actual well production data.
  • The method shows a strong potential for real-time monitoring of residual oil.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method effectively determines annulus oil holdup in complex cased well environments.
  • This technique offers a reliable approach for dynamic residual oil monitoring in production wells.
  • The findings support the practical application of this PNL-based method in the oil industry.