Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 26, 2025

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
Published on: October 31, 2025
Respiratory outcomes of "new" bronchopulmonary dysplasia in adolescents: A multicenter study
Santiago Pérez-Tarazona1, Santiago Rueda Esteban2, Maria L García-García3
1Division of Neonatology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
Insights
Adolescents with "new" bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) born extremely preterm show poorer lung function. This study evaluated respiratory outcomes in adolescents with BPD, highlighting potential long-term impacts.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Neonatology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Long-term respiratory outcomes of "new" bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants are not fully understood.
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease affecting preterm infants, with evolving characteristics in the post-surfactant era.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the respiratory outcomes in adolescents with "new" BPD born preterm.
- To compare pulmonary function between extremely preterm (EP) adolescents with and without BPD, and moderate-late preterm adolescents.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter, cross-sectional study of 286 adolescents born between 2003-2005.
- Participants included extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks) and moderate-late preterm infants, with subgroups of EP adolescents with and without BPD.
- Lung function tests, skin prick testing, and questionnaires on asthma and quality of life were administered.
Main Results:
- EP adolescents with BPD exhibited significantly lower FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEF25-75% compared to other groups.
- Higher bronchodilator response and air-trapping were observed in BPD adolescents.
- Diffusion capacity was lower in EP adolescents compared to moderate-late preterm adolescents, but asthma symptoms and quality of life were similar across groups.
Conclusions:
- "New" BPD in extremely preterm adolescents is associated with poorer pulmonary function.
- Further research is necessary to determine if "new" BPD predicts adult-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Objective:
Long-term respiratory consequences of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants born in the post-surfactant era ("new" BPD) remain partially unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the respiratory outcomes of "new" BPD in adolescents who were born preterm.
Methods:
This multicenter, cross-sectional study included 286 adolescents born between 2003 and 2005 (mean age: 14.2 years); among them, 184 and 102 were born extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks' gestation) and moderate-late preterm (32 to <37 weeks' gestation), respectively. Among EP adolescents, 92 had BPD, and 92 did not. All participants underwent lung function tests, skin prick testing, and questionnaires on asthma symptoms and quality of life.
Results:
EP adolescents with BPD had significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1 /FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC than other included adolescents. FEV1 /FVC ratios were below the lower limit of normal (z-score <-1.645) in 30.4% of EP adolescents with BPD, 13.0% of EP adolescents without BPD, and 11.8% of adolescents who were born moderate-late preterm. Bronchodilator response and air-trapping were significantly higher in BPD adolescents than in other adolescents. Diffusion capacity was significantly lower in EP adolescents than in moderate-late preterm adolescents. Asthma symptoms and quality-of-life scores were similar among groups.
Conclusion:
EP adolescents with "new" BPD had poorer pulmonary function than EP adolescents without BPD or moderate-late preterm adolescents. Further studies are needed to determine whether "new" BPD is associated with early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adulthood.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
Medical History
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
Assessment of Respiration
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:

