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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

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The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
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The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.
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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Evaluating Sensory Integration/Sensory Processing Treatment: Issues and Analysis.

Stephen Camarata1, Lucy Jane Miller2,3, Mark T Wallace1,4

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Bill Wilkerson Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
|December 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sensory integration/sensory processing treatment (SI/SP-T) may help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by addressing sensory processing challenges. This review proposes methods to test SI/SP-T

Keywords:
behavioral interventionnaturalistic behavioral interventionsensory integrationsensory processing disorder (SPD) interventiontreatment effect analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • Sensory Integration (SI) theory, now reframed as sensory processing disorder (SPD), has been a framework for treating childhood disabilities for over 50 years.
  • SI/SPD interventions focus on tactile, proprioceptive, and vestibular systems to address core symptoms in conditions like autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Current SI/SP-T involves specific equipment and activities designed to enhance sensory experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sensory integration/sensory processing treatment (SI/SP-T) framework for autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • To propose a framework for testing SI/SP-T using clinical trials and event coding methods.
  • To differentiate the impact of SI/SP-T on sensory integration versus multisensory integration and control for confounding factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of SI/SP-T procedures, including equipment and activities.
  • Proposal for using clinical trials and applied behavior analysis (ABA) event coding methods.
  • Introduction of multisensory integration as a neuroscientific paradigm for comparison.
  • Discussion of controlling for incidental developmental facilitators as confounds.

Main Results:

  • SI/SP-T utilizes specific protocols and materials, suggesting potential for high treatment fidelity.
  • Challenges in isolating the unique effects of SI/SP-T due to incidental developmental facilitators (e.g., recast intervention) are highlighted.
  • A case example illustrates confounds and proposes methods for unbiased study design.

Conclusions:

  • Rigorous testing is needed to understand the unique impact of SI/SP-T for ASD.
  • Controlling for confounding variables is crucial for accurate assessment of SI/SP-T efficacy.
  • Further research should employ unbiased methods to validate SI/SP-T theories of change.