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Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
Published on: December 20, 2016
High performance sodium-sulfur batteries at low temperature enabled by superior molten Na wettability
Minyuan M Li1, Xiaochuan Lu, Xiaowen Zhan
1Electrochemical Materials and Systems Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA. guosheng.Li@pnnl.gov.
Abstract:
Reducing the operating temperature of conventional molten sodium-sulfur batteries (∼350 °C) is critical to create safe and cost-effective large-scale storage devices. By raising the surface treatment temperature of lead acetate trihydrate, the sodium wettability on β''-Al2O3 improved significantly at 120 °C. The low temperature Na-S cell can reach a capacity as high as 520.2 mA h g-1 and stable cycling over 1000 cycles.

