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Integrin, a transmembrane glycoprotein complex mediating cell-substratum adhesion.

C A Buck1, A F Horwitz

  • 1Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104.

Journal of Cell Science. Supplement
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A novel cell surface receptor, integrin, mediates cell-substratum adhesion by binding extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton proteins. Its function is altered by phosphorylation, impacting cell behavior and potentially contributing to malignant transformation.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cell-substratum adhesion is crucial for cellular functions.
  • Specific cell surface receptors mediate these interactions.
  • The CSAT antibody identified a key player in adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the cell surface receptor involved in cell-substratum adhesion.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of integrin function and regulation.
  • To investigate the role of integrin in cellular processes and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Monoclonal antibody inhibition assays using CSAT antibody.
  • Biochemical characterization of integrin subunits and binding properties.
  • Analysis of integrin phosphorylation and its effects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gene sequencing of the integrin beta subunit.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified integrin as a heterodimeric receptor (alpha and beta subunits) mediating adhesion.
    • Demonstrated direct binding of integrin to fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, and talin.
    • Showed that integrin binding is sensitive to Arg-Gly-Asp peptides and requires heteromeric integrity.
    • Revealed that phosphorylation of the integrin beta subunit alters its binding capabilities and is linked to malignant transformation.
    • Sequenced the integrin beta subunit gene, confirming its transmembrane properties.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrin functions as a transmembrane molecule linking extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton.
    • Integrin phosphorylation is a regulatory mechanism influencing cell adhesion and morphology, with implications for cancer.
    • Integrin represents a conserved supergene family of adhesion receptors involved in diverse biological processes.