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Related Concept Videos

Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

1.4K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.5K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

10.3K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

68.9K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Van der Waals Equation01:10

Van der Waals Equation

5.3K
The ideal gas law is an approximation that works well at high temperatures and low pressures. The van der Waals equation of state (named after the Dutch physicist Johannes van der Waals, 1837−1923) improves it by considering two factors.
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Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
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Topological superconductivity in a van der Waals heterostructure.

Shawulienu Kezilebieke1, Md Nurul Huda2, Viliam Vaňo2

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. kezilebieke.shawulienu@aalto.fi.

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|December 17, 2020
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Researchers created 2D topological superconductivity using designer van der Waals heterostructures. This breakthrough combines a ferromagnet and superconductor, paving the way for topological quantum computing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Exotic quantum states like topological insulators and superconductors are difficult to realize in single materials.
  • Topological superconductivity is crucial for topological quantum computing but its natural occurrence is uncertain.
  • Heterostructures offer a way to engineer desired quantum phenomena through material interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer and observe 2D topological superconductivity.
  • To create a tunable platform for studying Majorana edge modes.
  • To develop a system integrable into topological quantum computing devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures using molecular-beam epitaxy.
  • Combining 2D ferromagnetic chromium tribromide with superconducting niobium diselenide.
  • Utilizing low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of a 2D van der Waals heterostructure.
  • Observation of signatures of 1D Majorana edge modes.
  • Demonstration of 2D topological superconductivity.

Conclusions:

  • The fabricated heterostructure provides a high-quality, tunable system for topological superconductivity.
  • This system can be readily integrated into devices for topological quantum computing.
  • External stimuli offer potential control over the observed 2D topological superconductivity.