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An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
Published on: September 12, 2019
Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Hanna Javan1, Farshid Dayyani2, Nadine Abi-Jaoudeh1
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Orange, California.
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is complex. This review summarizes current systemic therapies, immunotherapies, and locoregional options for advanced HCC, highlighting recent advancements and approved agents.
Area of Science:
- Hepatobiliary Oncology
- Medical Oncology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant treatment challenges.
- Systemic therapy is the primary approach for advanced HCC.
- Recent approvals have expanded first-line and second-line treatment options.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current treatment modalities for advanced HCC.
- To summarize approved systemic, immunotherapeutic, and locoregional therapies.
- To provide an overview of emerging treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of randomized clinical trials and recent approvals.
- Synthesis of data on systemic agents (e.g., atezolizumab, bevacizumab, lenvatinib).
- Inclusion of information on immunotherapies and locoregional therapies.
Main Results:
- Sorafenib was the sole first-line agent for over a decade.
- Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab approved as a first-line regimen in May 2020.
- Lenvatinib, cabozantinib, regorafenib, ramucirumab, and nivolumab are other key agents.
- Adoptive cell transfer and oncolytic viruses show promise.
- Locoregional therapies offer benefits in selected cases.
Conclusions:
- Multiple systemic agents are now available for advanced HCC.
- Combination therapies and novel immunotherapies are advancing treatment.
- Treatment selection depends on patient-specific factors and disease stage.

