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[Emergency contraception : practical guideline].

A Béliard1, N Chabbert-Buffet2, A Pintiaux3

  • 1Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, CHBA, Seraing, Belgique.

Revue Medicale De Liege
|December 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency contraception (EC) prevents unintended pregnancies after unprotected sex. This guidance reviews available EC methods: levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate, and copper IUDs, for healthcare professionals.

Keywords:
Copper intrauterine deviceLevonorgestrelUlipristal acetateUnprotected sexual intercourseEmergency contraception

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Emergency contraception (EC) is crucial for preventing unintended pregnancies following unprotected sexual intercourse (UPSI) or contraceptive failure.
  • Healthcare professionals require a comprehensive understanding of EC for effective patient counseling and management.
  • Belgium offers three primary EC methods: oral levonorgestrel (LNG), oral ulipristal acetate (UA), and the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive summary of the current evidence regarding emergency contraception methods available in Belgium.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of action for each EC method.
  • To outline the advantages and disadvantages of levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate, and copper intrauterine devices for emergency contraception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available scientific literature and clinical guidelines on emergency contraception.
  • Comparative analysis of the efficacy, safety, and usability of oral levonorgestrel, oral ulipristal acetate, and copper intrauterine devices.
  • Synthesis of information on the pharmacological and physiological mechanisms underlying EC effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Emergency contraception should be administered as soon as possible after UPSI for optimal effectiveness.
  • Each EC method (LNG, UA, Cu-IUD) possesses distinct characteristics regarding mechanism of action, efficacy, and side effect profiles.
  • The copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) is the most effective method of EC, while oral methods (LNG, UA) offer convenience.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal utilization of emergency contraception necessitates a thorough understanding of available methods, their mechanisms, and comparative benefits.
  • Healthcare providers should be well-informed to guide patients in selecting the most appropriate EC method based on individual circumstances.
  • This guidance serves as a vital resource for healthcare professionals in Belgium to ensure effective provision of emergency contraception services.