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Massive transfusion.

R Rutledge1, G F Sheldon, M L Collins

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine.

Critical Care Clinics
|October 1, 1986
PubMed
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Massive transfusion (MT) can cause serious complications affecting coagulation, temperature, and organ function. This review covers the pathophysiology and management strategies for MT to mitigate risks.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Massive transfusion (MT) is a critical intervention for severe hemorrhage.
  • MT is associated with numerous potential complications impacting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of complications associated with massive transfusion.
  • To outline current management strategies for massive transfusion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiology and management of massive transfusion.
  • Synthesis of current evidence and clinical guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Complications include coagulopathy, electrolyte imbalances (hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia), acidosis/alkalosis, hypothermia, and organ dysfunction.

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  • Other risks involve immune suppression, transfusion reactions, and infectious disease transmission.

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding MT pathophysiology is crucial for effective management.
    • Proactive management strategies are essential to minimize MT-associated morbidity and mortality.