Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Uncertainty: Overview00:59

Uncertainty: Overview

1.3K
In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
1.3K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.2K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.2K
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

1.9K
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
1.9K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

1.1K
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
1.1K
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

111
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
111
Uncertainty: Confidence Intervals00:54

Uncertainty: Confidence Intervals

8.8K
The confidence interval is the range of values around the mean that contains the true mean. It is expressed as a probability percentage. The interpretation of a 95% confidence interval, for instance, is that the statistician is 95% confident that the true mean falls within the interval. The upper and lower limits of this range are known as confidence limits. The confidence limits for the true mean are estimated from the sample's mean, the standard deviation, and the statistical factor...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spatial representation of magnitude in rhesus macaques: Investigating SNARC effects in quantity and size dimensions.

Learning & behavior·2025
Same author

A longitudinal investigation of school absenteeism and mental health challenges among Canadian children and youth in the COVID-19 context.

Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry·2025
Same author

Perceptual discrimination learning in children with and without autism: The effect of feedback, modality, and progressive-learning.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2025
Same author

Exploring Explicit Learning Strategies: A Dissociative Framework for Research.

New ideas in psychology·2021
Same author

A Dissociative Framework for Understanding Same-Different Conceptualization.

Current opinion in behavioral sciences·2021
Same author

Conceptual anchoring dissociates implicit and explicit category learning.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Experimental Research Examining How People Can Cope with Uncertainty Through Soft Haptic Sensations
09:07

Experimental Research Examining How People Can Cope with Uncertainty Through Soft Haptic Sensations

Published on: September 16, 2015

9.3K

The Cognitive Architecture of Uncertainty.

J David Smith1,2, Brooke N Jackson1,2, Barbara A Church1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.

Animal Behavior and Cognition
|December 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study challenges associative theories in animal metacognition, advocating for deeper exploration of animal minds. Researchers should investigate cognitive architectures, including awareness and memory systems in animals.

More Related Videos

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

15.5K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 25, 2025

Experimental Research Examining How People Can Cope with Uncertainty Through Soft Haptic Sensations
09:07

Experimental Research Examining How People Can Cope with Uncertainty Through Soft Haptic Sensations

Published on: September 16, 2015

9.3K
Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

15.5K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Comparative psychology
  • Cognitive science
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Theoretical interpretations in animal metacognition have historically relied on associative descriptions.
  • This approach may limit our understanding of animal cognition and the demands of metacognition tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for a shift towards understanding the cognitive architecture of animal metacognition.
  • To highlight the potential for higher-level decision-making processes, including declarative awareness, in animals.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews theoretical frameworks in animal metacognition literature.
  • It uses the initial dolphin metacognition study as a case illustration.
  • It emphasizes the need for empirical research into cognitive structures.

Main Results:

  • Associative theories may provide an incomplete picture of animal metacognition.
  • Metacognition tasks can necessitate higher-order cognitive processes akin to human consciousness.
  • Current empirical advancements support deeper investigation into animal cognitive capacities.

Conclusions:

  • Future research should focus on the cognitive architecture underlying animal metacognition.
  • Investigating memory systems, cognitive levels, and declarative awareness in animals is crucial.
  • This interdisciplinary approach can foster collaboration in biopsychology, psychology, and neuroscience.