NF-κB sub-pathways and HIV cure: A revisit.

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Immunology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cure remains elusive due to latent reservoirs.
• Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) suppresses but does not eradicate HIV.
• Reactivation of latent HIV leads to viral rebound after ART cessation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review curative strategies for HIV focusing on NF-κB signaling pathways.
• To explore the role of canonical and noncanonical NF-κB signaling in HIV latency reversal.
• To identify novel upstream signaling pathways of NF-κB for HIV functional cure.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing research on HIV cure strategies.
• Analysis of NF-κB signaling pathways and their impact on HIV latency.
• Exploration of upstream regulators of NF-κB in the context of HIV.

Main Results:

• Canonical NF-κB signaling is known to induce HIV proviral expression.
• Noncanonical NF-κB signaling also promotes HIV expression from latency.
• Novel upstream signaling pathways of NF-κB present new therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

• Targeting NF-κB sub-pathways shows promise for disrupting latent HIV.
• Both canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways are implicated in HIV latency reversal.
• Investigating upstream NF-κB signaling may lead to a functional HIV cure.