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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

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Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
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UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Dipole Moment01:20

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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
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Spectropolarimetric fluctuations in a sunspot chromosphere.

M Stangalini1,2, D Baker3, G Valori3

  • 1ASI, Italian Space Agency, Via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Rome, Italy.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|December 21, 2020
PubMed
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New solar telescopes reveal Alfvénic perturbations in sunspots. Spectropolarimetric data link intensity and circular polarization fluctuations, suggesting these waves heat the solar atmosphere and accelerate the solar wind.

Keywords:
chromospheric dynamicssolar MHD wavessolar spectropolarimetry

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Area of Science:

  • Solar physics
  • Plasma astrophysics
  • Stellar magnetic fields

Background:

  • Advanced 4-meter class solar telescopes offer unprecedented spectropolarimetric accuracy.
  • Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves, especially Alfvénic fluctuations, are crucial for solar atmospheric heating and solar wind acceleration.
  • The First Ionization Potential (FIP) effect in solar and stellar coronae is linked to MHD processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between intensity and circular polarization (CP) fluctuations in sunspot chromospheres.
  • To identify the presence and characteristics of MHD waves in the solar chromosphere.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized state-of-the-art Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer (IBIS) observations.
  • Analyzed spectropolarimetric data from a sunspot chromosphere.
  • Correlated intensity and circular polarization fluctuations.

Main Results:

  • A clear link was found between intensity and circular polarization fluctuations within a specific magnetic field inclination range.
  • This correlation suggests the presence of Alfvénic perturbations in the observed sunspot region.

Conclusions:

  • Alfvénic perturbations are likely present in sunspot chromospheres.
  • Spectropolarimetric diagnostics are valuable tools for studying chromospheric magnetic fields and MHD wave dynamics.
  • These findings contribute to understanding solar atmospheric heating and solar wind acceleration.