Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 24, 2025
05:12
Swimming Performance Assessment in Fishes
Published on: May 20, 2011
25.8K
Interim Performance Progression (IPP) During Consecutive Season Best Performances of Talented Swimmers
Aylin K Post1, Ruud H Koning2, Inge K Stoter1
1Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living
|December 21, 2020
Summary
Elite swimmers show distinct interim performance progression (IPP) patterns compared to high-competitive swimmers. Elite athletes demonstrate greater improvement between their first and best seasonal swim performances post-puberty, crucial for talent development.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Talent Identification and Development
- Swimming Performance Analysis
Background:
- Understanding interim performance progression (IPP) is vital for talent development in competitive swimming.
- Talented swimmers' trajectories differ, with some reaching elite status and others high-competitive levels.
- Previous analyses often overlooked the initial swim performance of the season in IPP metrics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interim performance progression (IPP) of talented swimmers, differentiating between elite and high-competitive athletes.
- To analyze performance changes from the first swim of the season to the season's best performance.
- To provide insights for talent development and selection processes in swimming.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 15,944 swim performances (first and best of season) from 3,199 talented swimmers (1993-2019).
- Compared elite swimmers (n=556) with high-competitive swimmers (n=2,643) relative to world records.
- Utilized independent sample t-tests or Mann Whitney tests to compare performance progression phases (PPA and PPB) between groups.
Main Results:
- Male elite swimmers showed significantly greater improvement in Phase B (20.5%) compared to high-competitive swimmers (13.1%) from ages 15-24.
- Female elite swimmers demonstrated greater Phase B improvement (21.1%) versus high-competitive swimmers (14.6%) from ages 13-23.
- No significant differences in Phase A (previous best to first swim) were found between performance groups, except for males at age 14.
Conclusions:
- Elite swimmers exhibit distinct IPP patterns compared to high-competitive swimmers, particularly post-puberty.
- Elite swimmers show enhanced performance gains between their first and best seasonal swims (Phase B).
- IPP analysis, including early-season performance, offers valuable data for talent identification and swimmer development strategies.
Related Concept Videos
02:34Competition
23.6K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
23.6K
01:29Gradually Varying Flow
256
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
256
01:18Increasing Function
97
An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The average...
97
01:25Interpreting Run Charts
2.9K
Run charts, essentially line graphs plotted over time, serve as fundamental yet effective tools for process analysis. They chronicle data sequentially, facilitating the identification of trends, shifts, or cyclical movements. This graphical representation is instrumental in determining whether a process is stable or exhibits signs of potential instability indicative of special cause variation. In the healthcare domain, run charts depict infection rates over time, enabling hospitals to monitor...
2.9K
01:04Social Facilitation
35.2K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
35.2K
01:19Quality of Water
381
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
381